Christmas after Tragedy

December 30, 2012 — 2 Comments

From the Epistle Lesson: “When the fullness of time had come, God sent his Son, born of a woman…”

Ordinarily, the Sunday between Christmas Day and January 1st is fairly low key. The gifts have all been opened. Plenty of carbs have been consumed. Some folks are still away visiting family and friends or perhaps vacationing in warmer climes to catch some sun. Others of us are clinging to the last few hours of “the holidays” — trying to squeeze in a bit more family time or rest time before everything ramps up again on January 2nd and we’re off to the races with over-stuffed calendars and endless to-do lists.

But this hasn’t been an ordinary Christmas week here in Wauwatosa. In the pre-dawn hours of Christmas Eve Day, not even two blocks from our doors, a tragic act of violence, in the parking lot of the Village Fire Station, ended the life of Officer Jennifer Sebena. For the bulk of that day, both ends of this block were cordoned off by law enforcement officials. Our parish grounds became part of an active crime scene investigation. We cancelled the early Christmas Eve service because street access to this building was blocked until about 5:30 p.m.

Later on Christmas Eve, thanks to the efforts of several parishioners, we hastily organized, and then conducted, a brief prayer vigil in the Welcome Garden. Fifteen to twenty of our parishioners were joined by an equal number of folks from the community, and together we prayed prayers of grief and hopefulness. We stood in silence in the cold darkness. We sang “Silent Night” as the candles we held in our hands flickered against the wind. Somehow, the image of Mary and the Baby Jesus afforded those of us gathered a moment of comfort in an otherwise comfortless day.

By this past Thursday, the authorities had a suspect in custody. Yesterday, Officer Sebena was buried in the hope of resurrection to new and unending life. As I read about her and the short life she lived, I was moved by her commitment to service. While she had no chance to defend herself on Christmas Eve morning, I have little doubt she would have done anything possible to defend any one of us, the citizens she had sworn to protect and serve. Jennifer’s death pointedly reminds us of the sacrifices made on our behalf by police officers, firefighters, military personnel and others in public service who routinely put their communities ahead of themselves — no matter the cost.

Only two weeks ago our country reeled in shock as the images streamed in from an elementary school in Newtown, Connecticut. On Christmas Eve, even as we were anxiously waiting for news about Officer Sebena’s murder, we watched reports from Webster, New York and heard about firefighters who, while rushing to do their job, were ambushed by the person who had set the fire.

So today we gather with a host of questions — questions about guns and the pervasiveness of gun violence in our country; questions about domestic violence; questions about mental health care and post traumatic stress disorder; questions about war and the after effects of war on the psyches of the young men and women who fight in them; questions about our responsibility as a society to provide care and support for those struggling to find their way. Lots of questions. Not many answers.

Sometimes, in our telling of the Christmas story, we Christians get caught up in the sentimental sweetness of it all. Mother and child. Angels and shepherds. Cows and sheep.

Our mental images are mostly an imagination-inspired collage of nativity scenes and Christmas pageants. We sanitize it all. We omit the pain of labor. We ignore the danger of childbirth. We expunge from our churchy Christmas narratives the sights and sounds and smells of what it takes to get a new life into this world. There is no moaning, groaning or screaming. No anxiety. No sweat. No blood. The Baby Jesus arrives.  Perfectly. Quietly. Without any fuss or muss. Little wonder Christians are rarely scandalized by the absurdity of what our religion claims.

The Christian claim, at least since Paul wrote the churches in Asia Minor a scant few decades after Jesus’ death and resurrection, is that God entered the human condition — completely and fully.

And the manner in which God chose to make the entrance?

Not with flaming chariots or sky-ripping fireworks or a booming voice from on high. The God of all creation is squeezed into this world through the birth canal, clothed only in the fragile flesh of an infant gasping for a first breath — just like humans have entered the world since the beginning of time.

Mary carried this scandalous miracle in her body. She held that miracle in her arms. She pondered all that had happened to her in her heart. She looked out of that makeshift nursery in a stable cave and stared into an uncertain future. Lots of questions. Not many answers.

The birth of Jesus, the coming of “God-With-Us”, did not end violence or death. The coming of “God-With-Us” did not set aright all of the injustices humans foist upon each other. The coming of “God-With-Us” did not obliterate tyrants and dictators; did not fill every hungry belly, heal every deadly disease or end our human lust for vengeance.

The coming of “God-With-Us”, did show us, though, in no uncertain terms, that God IS WITH US. With us in our moments of grief. With us in our times of suffering. With us in our most searing pain. With us when we feel abandoned. With us when we feel unsafe. With us when we can’t make sense of ourselves, our world, or even God.

The message of Christmas is that God did not shun the frailties and imperfections of humanity. Instead God INHABITED humanity — in a moment in time and for all time. This is the message of Christmas — not  simply a Baby in a Manger, but God in the Flesh. As the writer of the Fourth Gospel puts it, “…the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.”

On Christmas morning, I told the congregation who gathered here for worship that our job as followers of Jesus is to allow Christ to be born in us — to carry the Light of Christ beyond these doors and into a world darkened by fear and anger, violence and death.

We carry the Light of Christ into our homes, our neighborhoods, our schools and our communities. We carry the Light of Christ into voting booths and city halls; homeless shelters and hospitals. We carry the Light of Christ into every conversation we have — whether we name the name of Jesus or not. We carry the Light of Christ into a future where our questions will always outnumber our answers. We carry this Light of Christ in the assurance that this Light shines in darkness and the darkness has not, cannot and WILL not overcome it.

Sometimes our message may seem too fragile — as fragile as an infant shivering against the cold, or a candle flickering in the wind. Sometimes our Good News seems inadequate in the face of all the bad news. Sometimes our words of grace may seem meaningless in a world of gore. Sometimes our hope can be mistaken for denial. Sometimes we are left grasping for faith in the face of accumulating doubts.

But if Christmas teaches us anything, it teaches us that, in the most improbable of ways, with the most improbable of characters and into the most improbable of circumstances, God’s Word comes to God’s world. God’s Word comes, bringing the healing balm of God’s mercy and grace. The Word of God comes, not inscribed on tablets of stone or printed with ink on paper, but wrapped in flesh and blood.

He did not wait till the world was ready,
till men and nations were at peace.
He came when the Heavens were unsteady,
and prisoners cried out for release.

He did not wait for the perfect time.
He came when the need was deep and great.
He dined with sinners in all their grime,
turned water into wine. He did not wait

till hearts were pure. In joy he came
to a tarnished world of sin and doubt.
To a world like ours, of anguished shame
he came, and his Light would not go out.

He came to a world which did not mesh,
to heal its tangles, shield its scorn.
In the mystery of the Word made Flesh
the Maker of the stars was born.

We cannot wait till the world is sane
to raise our songs with joyful voice,
for to share our grief, to touch our pain,
He came with Love: Rejoice! Rejoice!

(First Coming by Madeline L’Engle)

Winson

December 23, 2012 — 2 Comments

On December 15, 2012, my dad, Winson Manning, passed peacefully from this life to the next after a five month journey with stage four liver cancer. Shortly before his death, he asked me to officiate at his funeral. It was a request I could not refuse. Here is the homily from that service, conducted on December 20, 2012:

Whenever Winson went on a shopping trip, it was usually carried out with methodical precision. He knew what he wanted. He had a list. He had the layout of the store in his mind’s eye. Even as he ambled down the aisle, he was moving toward his goal with focused attention. Get what you need. Get in line (always the shortest!). Pay. Be on your way. Although he rarely seemed to be in a hurry, Dad didn’t waste any time.

One day a year, though, Winson broke his usual shopping discipline. On that day he would go to store after store with little regard for how much time it was taking. Never mind the crowds. Never mind the hubbub around him. Never mind the traffic, the long lines, the harried people or the crying babies. He would leave the house early in the morning and return after the stores had closed in the evening — usually with both arms full of shopping bags. The day? Christmas Eve!

Yup, Daddy loved shopping on Christmas Eve. He seemed to revel in the confusion and the frenetic activity of last-minute shoppers. For the most part, his annual shopping extravaganza was something done “solo”. If, on the rare occasion he took my sister, Debbie, or me with him, we were deposited back home in the early afternoon so he could continue his mission alone.

Christmas was THE holiday for Winson. The frugality and practicality that defined him 363 days of the year was suspended for the 48 hours of December 24-25. He took great joy (and an appropriate amount of pride) in making sure there were piles of presents under the tree. Dad continued that annual Christmas Eve shopping tradition for many, many years — long after the two children had left home.

As a kid, I could never tell who got more excited about the kids’ toys — the two of us or Daddy. Looking back now, though, I’m pretty sure I DO know.

I’ve shared quite a number of Winson stories over the past few months with friends and co-workers. Daddy and I retold some of our favorite stories to each other (and ON each other!) during the course of my visits to Florida this fall. Over this past week, our family has been telling stories. Lots and lots of stories.

This sort of remembering isn’t simply an exercise in sentimentality. It situates us in a time and place. It helps us gain perspective about who we are and from whence we came. I suspect there will be plenty more Winson stories in the days and months ahead.

I’m pretty sure most of the people in this room have a story or two about him — how you met him, or your first memory of him, or when he shared a funny anecdote, or dropped one of those trademark bits of Winson-wisdom on you. I encourage you to tell those stories to anyone who will listen. Not because Winson needs us to tell them, but because we need to tell them.

Christian folks are ALL about stories! Think about it. This time of year we tell the story of Jesus’ birth. In a few months, we will tell the story of Jesus’ death and resurrection. Along the way we will tell stories of Jesus restoring sight to the blind, unstopping deaf ears, making the lame leap for joy and raising the dead to another shot at life. We even tell stories about Jesus telling stories — only we call those stories parables.

Those of us who’ve been around church for any amount of time listen to those Jesus stories over and over — even though we know all the punch lines and have heard all the endings. Those stories comfort and challenge us. Instruct and excite us. Inspire and encourage us.

Winson was the consummate story-teller and a keen observer of life. He was also the first to tell you he thought the best way he could give witness to his faith in God was to go easy on the words and heavy on the actions. Many of our Winson stories likely recall times when he helped us in some way — either through something he did on our behalf directly, or simply when he took the time to listen to us when no one else seemed to have time to spare. The way Dad lived his faith can’t be inscribed on a wall plaque or summarized in a newspaper article. And that seemed to suit him just fine.

I don’t know if Dad ever heard of St. Francis of Assisi, who lived centuries ago in Europe. But I know he would have said a hearty Baptist, “AMEN!” to one of Francis pithiest pieces of advice, “Preach the Gospel at all times. Use words if necessary.”

A verse from one of Winson’s favorite bluegrass gospel songs summarizes this way of LIVING the Good News of God in Christ:

While going down life’s weary road; I’ll try to lift some traveler’s load. I’ll try to turn the night to day; make flowers bloom along the way.

Dad was convinced that actions speak louder than words. I’m guessing none of us would argue his point. But sometimes, we DO need to hear a word, don’t we?

When Jesus gathered with his disciples, just before his death, he offers them some words of encouragement. These words have comforted Christians throughout the centuries. Jesus says to his frightened and confused followers, “Let not your heart be troubled. I go to prepare a place for you…I will receive you unto myself…where I am there you will be also…and you know the place where I am going…”

And then, Thomas (God bless him!) says, “Uh, Lord, we don’t know where you’re going, how can we know the way?”

Jesus answers, “I am the Way, the Truth and the Life.”

The story we Christian folks tell at funerals is that the end of this life isn’t the end of it all. Death does not destroy hope — even if sometimes the death of a loved one stretches our hope to a breaking point. We keep on hoping though, and not in some anemic, wishful-thinking sort of way either. We hope along with the apostle Paul that, “we shall not all sleep, but we shall be changed. In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye.” We say our farewells to loved ones at the graveside, holding as tightly as we can to the hope that “farewell” is not “good-bye”.

Between now and the day when God’s great, unfinished future dawns like the brightness of the sun, we tell stories. We tell the stories of our faith and we tell the stories of those who have lived faithfully. We do our best to walk in the Way of Jesus. We do our best to live in the Truth of Jesus. We do our best to reflect the Life of Jesus. With the eyes of faith, we look toward the day when we will be reunited with loved ones and with our Lord — in the place prepared for us.

I finally figured something out about Winson’s Christmas Eve shopping adventures. That annual retail pilgrimage served a purpose for him. It helped Daddy get out of the day-in-day-out routine of work, kids, bills, groceries, household chores and car repairs. Those shopping trips prepared him to REALLY celebrate the holiday. As it turns out, he brought much more home on those Christmas Eve nights than bags full of candy and games, trinkets and gizmos. He busted through our front door carrying generosity and gratitude; laughter and love.

Today, as Winson’s family and friends, we’re taking some time away from the details of living — the details which, all too often, blind us to the reality that this life, even in moments of difficulty and pain, is a wondrous gift — a treasure to be received moment by moment and day by day. We’re pausing today to reorient ourselves — to remember a man whose life touched most of us here in one way or another. We are pausing to gather strength from each other and our shared faith to face the days ahead. We are pausing to give thanks for a life well-lived.

A few weeks back, while we were sitting out on the front porch, Dad dropped one of his pearls of wisdom on me. He said, “You know, when something comes along that slows you down, you wonder why you were in such a hurry in the first place.” Indeed.

Perhaps the best tribute to the life of Winson C. Manning any of us could offer in the days ahead is to SLOW down and take our time. Amble instead of sprint. Watch the breeze filter through the trees. Listen to the rhythm of the waves at the beach or maybe slip off and wet a line from the creek bank. Hold loved ones close. Tell friends and family we love them. And then? Get up and live!

Live tenaciously. Give generously. Pray fervently. Hope endlessly.

As Daddy would say, “There, that should keep you busy for a while.”

Wail, for the day of the Lord is near; as destruction from the Almighty it will come!…and every person’s heart will melt, and they will be dismayed…Behold, the day of the Lord comes, cruel, with wrath and fierce anger, to make the earth a desolation…Therefore I will make the heavens tremble, and the earth will be shaken out of its place, at the wrath of the Lord of hosts…
When people tell me why they don’t like reading the Old Testament, usually what they have in mind are passages like today’s lesson from Isaiah 13:6-13. The idea of God as a wrathful, destroying power runs counter to our desire for a kinder, gentler deity. We much prefer a god of our own construction — an ever-patient, if lifeless idol — a mostly benign, constantly affirming (if somewhat impotent) deity that meets us “where we are”, asks little of us in the way of repentance, and never, ever suggests anything that might diminish our fragile self-esteem. This god is one-dimensional — easily predicted, easily controlled and easily confused with the human ego. Such a god, created in our image,  is little more than a reflection of our own wants and needs.
I can’t imagine Isaiah’s preaching gathered much of a following. Times may have changed, but people haven’t. Who honestly wants to hear more about desolation and destruction? Who honestly wants to confront a God who exists in absolute freedom and will not be constrained by the fickleness of the human will?
A steady diet of judgment oracles won’t do much to gather a big crowd or fill the coffers with a significant cash infusion. If we learn anything from the prophets, it is that the straight talk from people of this ilk usually only succeed in inciting the people in power to work to kill the messengers.
I don’t know how to reconcile texts like today’s with the so-called “god” worshipped by so many of us in the ghetto of upper middle class privilege. This god, who seems to be little more than a dispenser of favors to the faithful, is constantly petitioned to “bless America” (which seems to mean making sure that this nation gets what it wants when it wants it). This god is invoked time and time again whenever we need an intervention to save us from our own ignorance or fear. Like the people in Isaiah’s time, we want our god to function as an amulet against the difficulties of our existence. There’s only one problem with such a god. It does not bear any resemblance to the God of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Isaiah and Jesus.
Perhaps that’s the point of lessons like today’s. Perhaps it’s not our role to justify texts like these. It’s not our job to smooth out the rough edges or soften the language so that we are more comfortable. Maybe our job as faithful readers is to sit — quietly and reverently with our discomfort and questions — in front of these texts and listen for Good News.
God’s Good News will prevail. God’s gracious favor will flood the world on that Day of the Lord Isaiah sees in his visions. Good News wrapped in Judgment and tempered by mercy.
For the Lord spoke thus to me with his strong hand upon me, and warned me not to walk in the way of this people, saying: “Do not call conspiracy all that this people call conspiracy, and do not fear what they fear, nor be in dread. But the Lord of hosts, him you shall regard as holy; let him be your fear, and let him be your dread. And he will become a sanctuary, and a stone of offense, and a rock of stumbling…”
 
What must it have been like for Isaiah to have felt the pressure of God’s presence upon him — like a strong hand? What must it have been like for the prophet to hear this particular word from the Lord? Was he comforted? Or discomforted?
Unlike many of the oracles Isaiah received, this one was directed specifically at him. However Isaiah “heard” God’s messages, he knew, in the deepest part of his being that this one carried the weight of God’s glory.  And the message underscored what Isaiah had, no doubt, already learned — to see things from God’s perspective often puts one at odds with the rest of the world.
God reminds Isaiah, in the starkest of language, that his role as a prophet is to be the contrarian. Isaiah is to meet God’s rebellious people at every turn and tell them that they’ve got it all wrong — that they are seeing everything backwards.
Conspiracy isn’t conspiracy.
The things that are engendering fear shouldn’t.
The things that aren’t causing feelings of fear should.
There’s no reason to dread the foreign powers with their threats of invasion.
But it’s probably a good time to dread the invasion of God’s justice.
When people are stumbling left and right — taking offense at the notion of God’s power and judgment, Isaiah will be tucked in the sanctuary of God’s presence.
All around Isaiah there is panic. His job is to continue to give witness to the God who has not abandoned Judah, even as Judah endures the consequences of its abandonment of God.  Casting an alternative vision, when the majority believe they are seeing clearly, can be frustrating to say the least. And yet, in Isaiah, we see someone who is gifted with holy insight, tenacious obedience and pragmatic hope. Even in the face of the direst of consequences, Isaiah goes about his work — thankless as it is.
A few chapters back, God had warned Isaiah that to respond to the call of God was to enter into the vocation of the babbler — constantly telling people things they didn’t want to hear and likely would not heed.  Prophet as professional contrarian. Hardly a safe job — given Judah’s unsafe and tenuous situation. No wonder Isaiah needed a little push every now and then from the “strong hand of the Lord”!

“Hear then, O house of David! … Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold, a young woman shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Imman’u-el.”

When Christians read this verse of scripture, our imaginations are immediately drawn to the story of the birth of Jesus. And why not?

As the Gospel of Matthew (1:18-25) narrates the story of Jesus’ birth, Isaiah 7:14 is the text quoted by the “Angel of the Lord”. The Angel appears to a confused Joseph in a dream to explain the bizarre set of circumstances surrounding Joseph’s betrothed, Mary. Clearly, for some portions of the early Church, the word from Isaiah to King Ahaz hundreds of years earlier was predictive of the advent of Messiah in the person of Jesus of Nazareth.

Interestingly enough, when read in its context, Isaiah’s oracle to Ahaz is not a comforting one. The birth of Immanuel will not usher in a time of peace, but of desolation. The coming of “God-with-us” will signify the fulfillment of God’s judgment upon Judah and the surrounding kingdoms and empires. By the time “God-with-us” is old enough to “know how to refuse the evil and choose the good” the decimation of Judah will be complete — “all the land will be briers and thorns” (Isaiah 7:24b).

What are 21st century Christians to make of a 1st century disciple’s selective quoting of a text written centuries earlier? Does Isaiah 7:14 actually refer to Jesus? Or does it only relate to some unknown child who was born shortly before the death of the kingdom of Judah?

However we understand this cryptic sign, “God-with-us” is not simply the sentimental vision of a cuddly infant in the arms of his mother. “God-with-us” is not Divine permission for business as usual. “God-with-us” is the birth of a new world and the death knell of the old. “God-with-us” marks the overthrow of human kingdoms and the advent of the Reign of God. “God-with-us” is at once a terrifying comfort and a comforting terror.

O come, O come, Emmanuel!

Postscript: I re-post this four year old reflection on Isaiah’s words on an evening when a town in Connecticut has been torn apart by the horror of a mass shooting in an elementary school. For those children and adults who lost their lives today; for their loved ones who are left to bear the pain of grief and loss; for those who are troubled to the extent that violence seems the only answer; and for a society that cannot seem to find its way to positively address the complexities of the common good, we pray even more fervently: “O come, O come, Emmanuel.”

In Wednesday’s reading we were transported with Isaiah into the very throne room of the Almighty One. What a spiritual high! In today’s reading (Isaiah 7:1-9), the prophet has a conversation with the king of Judah, offering God’s message about an impending invasion. In the space of a few verses the reader travels from the Holy of Holies, to the streets of Jerusalem; from singing the praises of God to a clandestine chat with an overwrought politician about the pragmatics of foreign policy.
 
Wait a minute? Didn’t Isaiah read the chapter in the Primer for Prophets entitled “Religion and Politics Don’t Mix”?
 
After all, that mantra has been a guiding principle of Western, bourgeois society for so long, some of us may be tempted to think it’s been carved in stone since the days of Moses. Here in this country, with its Protestant hegemony and tendency toward dualism, the principle commonly referred to as the “separation of church and state” has degenerated into little more than an excuse to privatize faith — as if a person’s faith can (and should!) be kept hidden from public view at all times (except within the walls of a building constructed for the purpose of worship). We can no more separate our religious selves from our political selves than we can separate our spiritual selves from our physical selves.
 
In the days of Isaiah of Jerusalem, everyone understood that religion, tribe (family), politics, economics and everything in between was invariably mixed together — pureed, if you will, into the stuff that constituted a person’s identity (and by extension, the identity of the nation). Isaiah forcefully reminds the king that the real Power protecting Judah is not to be found within armies or alliances. And the Word of the Lord to an anxious monarch is, “Take heed, be quiet do not fear, and do not let your heart be faint…”  
 
Imagine that! A religious person telling a politician to be quiet! And at least for that moment, the politician listened!
Today’s reading from Isaiah contains one of the best known passages in the entire book (chapter 6:1-8).  Episcopalians get to hear the story of the prophet’s Temple vision of the Holy One at least every Trinity Sunday. Each and every time we gather for Eucharist, we recite the praise song of the seraphim Isaiah reported hearing on that day : “Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Hosts; the whole earth is full of his glory” (we call it the Sanctus).
This section of Scripture is also a favorite text for ordination liturgies (I picked it for my own ten years ago). Isaiah’s exclamation at verse 8 is dramatic, conclusive and inspirational. The prophet responds to God’s questions, “Who will I send? Who will go for me?” with the emphatic words, “Here am I! Send me!”
If we’re inclined to read the text of the book of Isaiah sequentially, this call story, seems out of place. Why would God “call” someone who had already been busy condemning the political/religious status quo? Why would God call someone who was already incessantly warning of the coming of Divine judgement?
Some scholars contend that the first 8 verses of chapter 6 are a “flashback” of sorts, carrying the reader back to a moment that predates Isaiah’s first oracle. My inclination, though, is to wonder if the key to understanding the placement of Isaiah’s vision isn’t contained in verses 9-11 (the part that always seems to be omitted from our liturgical readings):
And God said, “Go and say to this people: ‘Keep listening, but do not comprehend; keep looking, but do not understand.’ Make the mind of this people dull, and stop their ears, and shut their eyes, so that they may not look with their eyes, and listen with their ears, and comprehend with their minds, and turn and be healed.” Then I said, “How long, O Lord?” And he said: “Until the cities lie waste without inhabitant, and houses without people, and the land is desolate…”
Isaiah, in a moment of holy awe (maybe even knee-knocking FEAR) says, “Here am I! Send me!”
And then God tells him what he’s being sent forth to do. God essentially says, “Go, share my message, even though the results will be nil, and the entire effort will seem pointless to you. The more you talk, the less people will hear. The more you show people the less they will see. The more you try to explain it all, the less they will understand. And it’s all a part of the plan.”
The work of the prophet — telling God’s truth to clogged ears; showing God’s ways to eyes that are shut in rebellion; explaining God’s message to minds that are dulled by arrogance and pride —  isn’t work anyone would willingly volunteer to undertake. Only the realization that one had been possessed by a call larger than oneself would press a prophet forward into the face of such guaranteed failure and rejection.
All of this makes me wonder about the fixation on “success” that seems to grip clergy and congregations these days. What if our work isn’t about garnering the largest average Sunday attendance or the best array of parochial programming or balanced budgets? What if our faithfulness is best attested when we feel we are failing at every turn?
I wonder if what we need in church these days is a good deal less self-satisfied competence and great deal more knee-knocking awe in the presence of the Holy One who came to us wrapped in bands of cloth and will return again clothed in glory?
My people go into exile for want of knowledge…(Isaiah 5:13a)
 
As Isaiah of Jerusalem surveyed the political landscape — at home and abroad — he could see that the days of the Kingdom of Judah and its capital, Jerusalem, were numbered. The other Jewish kingdom of Israel (to Judah’s north), with its capital city of Samaria, was about to be absorbed by the Assyrians. The Assyrian Empire, even as it expanded farther and farther westward, was possessed of a political instability that would eventually be its undoing.  There was nothing secure — least of all tiny Judah — isolated and surrounded by enemies in every direction. The question of Jerusalem’s collapse was not about “If?”, but “When?”
 
And yet, the prophet saw this dire political situation within a broader theological framework. The political reality that confronted Judah was something more significant than the ebb and flow of nations. Isaiah was so bold as to believe that the superpower of the moment, the Assyrian Empire, was actually subservient to (and an unwitting agent of) the will of the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob!
 
The notion that nations are a means through which God would exercise judgment is a difficult idea for the average North American, with our fixation on the illusion of individual sovereignty (usually expressed under the category of “free will”), to accept.  Isaiah, on the other hand, had no such difficulty. To see the Assyrians as agents of the Divine Will was actually a means of putting the dire situation of Judah in a larger framework of God’s actions in history.
 
From Isaiah’s perspective, God’s people would not go into exile because of military inferiority or a failure of national nerve. The God who had delivered the Jews out of Egypt, fed them in the wilderness, and given them the land they had occupied all these years, could certainly deliver the Covenant People from the likes of the Assyrians. No, what would send Judah into exile was a lack of knowledge. From Isaiah’s perspective the Covenant People had forgotten their identity, forsaken their God and failed to keep faith with the covenant that God had sworn to them in the Wilderness — between their escape from Egypt and their entrance into the Promised Land. 
 
A lack of knowledge, in Isaiah’s parlance, is not the same thing as insufficient information. The people had plenty of information — they knew the stories, they had the Law, they were undoubtedly certain about their identity as the Covenant People — but the information did not translate into the kind of knowledge that would lead to right actions. The stage was set for exile, because (from Isaiah’s perspective), the people had exiled themselves from the knowledge of God long before they would be exiled from their homeland by any foreign invasion.
 
Isaiah’s warnings are particularly instructive for those of us who wait in the darkness of Advent for the searing brightness of the Light of the World. Where have we confused information for knowledge? When have we failed to act upon the knowledge we’ve been given? How have these failures put us under judgment? What are the places of exile in our lives? Will we open our eyes to see that “the Lord of hosts is exalted in justice, and the Holy God shows himself holy in righteousness”? And once our eyes are opened to this vision of God, how can we ever dare close them again?

Woe to those who join house to house, who add field to field until there is no more room…Woe to those who rise early in the morning, that they may run after strong drink…Woe to those who draw iniquity with cords of falsehood, who draw sin as with cart ropes…Woe to those who call evil good and good evil, who put darkness for light and light for darkness, who put bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter! Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes, and shrewd in their own sight! Woe to those who aquit the guilty for a bribe, and deprive the innocent of their right! (From Isaiah 5:8-12; 18-23)

I once heard someone say, “God’s judgment is nothing more and nothing less than allowing the consequences of our actions to run their course.” I’m not sure I totally agree with that assessment, but I do believe it’s a good starting point for reflection upon today’s reading from the prophet Isaiah.

I doubt Isaiah of Jerusalem’s message of “woe” was a popular one. His critique of the lifestyles of the upper eschalons of society (royalty, the priesthood, the “wealthy”) probably didn’t garner him any invitations to the best parties in town. After all, he seems emphatic in his assessment that the only way any of the systems he’s criticizing will be redeemed is through their obliteration. And the people who are portrayed as the cause of the woe coming upon the nation are the people in power — the people who had forgotten that they had a responsibility to employ their governmental, religious or economic power for the good of the whole society, not simply for their own benefit.

Sounding a warning is often the role of the prophet. Living with the awareness that much of the message will either go unheard or be outright rejected is an occupational hazard of the job. Preaching God’s truth to people who continuously call “evil good and good evil” is a thankless one. Speaking for those who are squeezed out by greed or who are deprived of justice because of systemic corruption can (and often does!) lead to the prophet’s own demise.

Isaiah sees with the eyes of God-inspired vision. And the picture isn’t a pretty one. In offering his message of woe, I don’t believe he is calling down God’s judgment. Rather, I think the prophet is lamenting, in advance, the inevitable outcome of the attitudes and behaviors he witnesses all around him.

The Advent collect for this week asks God to “give us grace to heed [the prophets’] warnings and forsake our sins…” I suspect that if we fail in our “heeding” and “forsaking”, then our own set of “woes” are right around the eschatological corner — not because God wills such a thing, but because we did.

My maternal grandfather was a person of deep faith. He had to be. He made his living as a farmer. 
 
In northeast Louisiana during the 1930’s and 40’s, the primary cash crop was cotton. My grandparents (along with their seven children) tilled, planted, tended, weeded and picked acres upon acres of the stuff — mostly without any benefit of modern farm equipment. The work was backbreaking. The hours were interminable. The family’s economic stability rose and fell with each year’s yield. One of my grandfather’s favorite quips about his work as a farmer was, “King Cotton is a despot!”
 
Sometimes, in spite of all of their efforts, the crop would fail in some way or another. Maybe there was too much rain — or not enough. Maybe the plants would be infected with some rare blight — or infested with some sort of insecticide-resistant bug.  Maybe there was a later-than-usual frost. Maybe the seed was in some way deficient so that the expected yield never materialized. 
 
Yet, every year, the crop was planted; the work undertaken with the expectation that a harvest would be gathered. As grandpa told me more than once, “The hardest thing to understand about farming wasn’t when there was some sort of reasonable explanation for a disappointing crop. The hardest years were when we did everything right, when all of the conditions were right, and still, for no apparent reason, the crop failed to grow into the hopes we had for it.” 
 
Then my grandfather would pause. He’d stare out across the field of cotton that began just a few dozen yards from his front porch and stretched out toward the horizon. He’d take a deep draw of breath and say, “But we knew that sometimes you just get a bad crop…and a bad crop was no reason to quit.”
 
When Isaiah of Jerusalem offers his hymn to God’s faithfulness in today’s reading (Isaiah 5:1-7), he casts God in the role of a vineyard owner (a grape farmer!). In the parable, the Divine Farmer has done everything right — procured good land, cleared it of stones, installed a watchtower along with a protective hedge and planted “choice vines”, which were intended to produce the finest of grapes. But when harvest time comes there are no sweet, succulent grapes to be found on those choice vines — just wild grapes, bitter and sour. There is only one thing for the Farmer to do — let the field go fallow — tear down the hedge; give the vineyard over to the briers and thorns; trample the whole thing under foot. 
 
At first glance, there doesn’t seem to be much hope in this picture. It would seem that the Divine Farmer has given up on this unfruitful vineyard. Yet, the Farmer retains possession of the land. And in retaining possession, the Farmer demonstrates that another attempt will be made. Another crop will be planted. Sweet grapes in the wine vat are just a matter of time and patience. And this Farmer has all the time, all the patience in this world (and beyond!).
 
Isaiah has told a story of both judgment and grace. As we’ve already noticed in our readings this Advent, these two ideas are not mutually exclusive. Quite to the contrary, judgment and grace are mutually inclusive. Isaiah can see, with prophetic insight, that the judgment coming upon the covenant people is the fruit of their rebellion against the Almighty One. Likewise, he can see that the seeds of God’s judgment, scattered upon an unfruitful vineyard, will yield a harvest of grace. 
 
After all, a bad crop is no reason to quit.